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It is the oldest square in the city, developed between the 11th and 12th century. with the birth of the first inhabited centre at the foot of the Castelgrande hill. It became the core of the city life by virtue of its central position. Indeed, here merged the three main transit routes coming from three different city gateways. The road network is still based on this three-part system, with via Camminata leading south, via Teatro towards the west and via Nosetto heading north. Among the valuable buildings around the square stands the former Palazzo Ghiringhelli (No. 4-5), which later became Albergo del Cervo (hotel of the deer) as recalled by the rococo sign above the entrance. The painted tablets that adorned the wooden ceiling of the residence main hall are characterized by the extraordinary richness of the themes represented. The so-called Casa Rossa (No.1), Tranquillo Venzi’s home and old pharmacy, built in 1864, is an original interpretation of late Gothic Lombard architecture with Renaissance influence.